A dominant analysis suggests that this U.S. strategic decision is a response to China’s rapid buildup of missile capabilities. This deployment of intermediate-range missiles could have profound repercussions for the security environment across the entire Indo-Pacific, not just Northeast Asia.

Background to the U.S. Intermediate-Range Missile Deployment in Japan

The U.S. deployment of intermediate-range missiles in Japan clearly intends to counter China’s expanding military influence. China has been escalating regional tensions by increasing its military presence in areas like the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea. In response, the U.S. is pursuing a strategy to enhance its long-range precision strike capabilities in the Indo-Pacific region. The deployment of missiles and expansion of joint exercises with allies such as Japan, the Philippines, and Australia are considered part of this strategy.

Indeed, the U.S. military previously deployed the Typhon system for exercises in the Philippines last year and maintained its presence afterward, drawing strong objections from China. This deployment in Japan opens up the possibility of operating Tomahawk missiles, which can reach key areas of mainland China in a contingency, thereby acting as direct pressure on China.

Key Aspects of the ‘Typhon’ System and Tomahawk Missiles

The ‘Typhon’ system being deployed in Japan is the latest U.S. intermediate-range ground-launched missile system. This system can primarily operate two key types of missiles:

• : With a maximum range of 1,600 km (approximately 994 miles), if launched from Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, a significant portion of mainland China would be within its range. It is a long-range cruise missile known for its precision strike capability.
• SM-6 New Interceptor Missile: The Typhon system can also launch the , making it a versatile system with both offensive and defensive capabilities. The SM-6 is a multi-mission missile capable of anti-air warfare, anti-surface warfare, and ballistic missile defense.

The Typhon system consists of a command post, four launchers, and towing vehicles. Its mobile launcher design allows for rapid deployment and withdrawal, making it difficult for adversaries to detect.

Changes in Regional Security Landscape and International Reactions

The U.S. deployment of intermediate-range missiles in Japan is bringing about complex changes in the regional security landscape. China has strongly opposed this move, criticizing it for “escalating regional military tensions.” Russia has also warned that the Typhon system threatens its national interests and security, stating it will “respond appropriately.”

Japan, for its part, is pursuing the development of ‘‘ to secure its own long-range counterattack capabilities. Plans include the phased deployment of upgraded Type 12 surface-to-ship guided missiles with a range of over 1,000 km and hypersonic guided missiles starting in 2026. Additionally, Japan plans to introduce approximately 400 U.S.-made Tomahawk cruise missiles starting in 2026. This demonstrates Japan’s commitment to strengthening its deterrence and response capabilities in the face of the most severe and complex post-war security environment.

Ultimately, the Asia-Pacific region is witnessing heightened military tension due to the intensifying competition among major powers over missile capabilities. Everyone is closely watching what impact these developments will have on regional peace and stability.

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